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A. WEBER. GAS GENERATING FURNACE EoE HEATING RETORTS. No. 259,952. 1 Patented June 20, 1882.

WITNESSES: F|G,1 I INvENT0E, WK, W v BY Z 2 V v V ATTORNEY.

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(No ModeL) 7 Ar WEB-ER. v 1 GAS GENERATING FURNACE FOR HEATING'RETORT S.

No 259,952. Patented June 20, 1882.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheet- Shet 3-.

A. 'WEBER. GAS GENERATING FURNACE 'FORHEAT'ING RETOETS. 'No. 259,952; Patented June 20,, 1882.

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(No Model.) I 1 .6 Sheets- -Sheet 4. S

. WEBEK GAS GENERATING FURNACE 150 HEATING RETORTS.- No. 259,952. f Patented June 20. 1882.-

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A. WEBER. GAS GENERATING PUNNAGE FOR HEATING RETORTS. V No. 259,952. A I I Patented June 20, 1882.- A

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. GAS GENERATING FURNACE FOR HEATING RBTORTS.

No. 259,952. Patented June 20,1882.

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lam? %MH I a; |m% I uuiiu llmllli %imllm imllu% ATTORNEY UNITED ST T-Es PATENT OFFICE.

ADAM WEBER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAS-GENERATING FURNACE FOR H EATING RETORTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent No. 259,952, dated June 20, 1882, Application filed March 24, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it 'known that I, ADAM WEBER, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Generating Furnaces for Heating Retorts, of which the following is a specification.

In furnaces for heating gas-generating retorts it has been customary to use a separate generating-furnace in which the fuel is burned with but a limited supply of 'oxyegn, so that oxide of carbon'is produced, which is conducted I into a combustionchamber and there burned benches of gas-retorts, boilers, and for other ,ers,,or for other purposes.

with heated atmospheric air, the so-burned gas beingemployed for heating up the retorts, boil- Furnaces of this construction can be run with greatereconomy of fuel, as a higher degree of temperature and a more perfect combustion of the fuel is secured. Numerous attempts have been made to simplify the construction of these furnaces and to utilize in the most advantageous manner the heat radiated by employing it for heating up the atmospheric air necessary for the combustion of 'the carbonic-oxide gas. Gomplicated systems of air-heatin g fiues have been arranged in various relative positions to the generator or to the flues through which the gasesof combustion are drawn off to the chimney; but these different constructions were either too complicated and expensive or they had inherent defects, so that they did not fully come up to the practical requirements of the arts.

The object of myinvention is to furnish an improved-gas-generatingfurnace for heating purposes in the. technical arts, in which the generator, the combustion-chamber, the fiues for conducting and heating up the atmospheric air, and the fines in which the gases of combustion are drawn off to the chimney are arranged v in such compact, economical, and convenient positions relatively to each other that not only the construction of the furnace is simplified and rendered less expensive, but that radiation and loss of heat is to a great extent obviated and the air required for the combustion of the carbonic-oxide gas gradually raised to the same,

or nearly the same, temperature as that of the gases of combustion'drawn off, so that a more perfect combustion of the oxide of carbon takes place in the combustion-chamber, and consequentlya higher percentage ofheat is obtained from the fuel. 7

The invention consists of agas-generating furnace in which the generator is arranged verticallybelow the combustion-chamber, a primary series of connected air-fiues in each side wall of the generator, which air-fiues are connected to a second series of horizontal airflues interposed between anupperand a lower tier of fiues for drawing off the gases of combustion. From the second series of air-fiues the air is conducted through a third series of fiues arranged in the walls of the combustion-chamber, from which the air is admitted through lateral channels into the combustionchamber, where it is mingled with carbonicoxide gas and burned. The hot gases of combustionare then passed around the retorts,

drawn in a downward direction, then around the lowermost retorts, forward and back through the upper tier, then down and through the lower tier of fiues to the ascending fiues leading to the chimney.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of my improved gas-generating furnace. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same drawn on line m an, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section drawn on line y y, Fig. 2, and Figs. 4, 5, and 6 arehorizontal sections, respectively, on the lines 2 zflcla, and ll, .2

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts.

- Referring to the drawings, A represents a generator which is arranged vertically below the combustion-chamber B. The middle portion of the generator A is made wider and provided with parallel side walls, while the lower part of the generator is contracted, as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and 3, and provided with a grate of suitable construction and an ash-pit below the grate, to which latter water is supplied. The upper part of the generator A is also contracted in width, but extended toward the rear wall of the bench, sothat the carbonic-oxide gas generated therein has a chance to expand and fill up the entire combustion-chamber B.

Aboveand sidewise of the combustion-chamber are arranged the retorts U, which are supported on saddle and bridge tiles in the usual manner in the retort-chamber C.

The retorts, fines, and all the parts exposed to the fire are made of fire-brick, as customary in gas-generating furnaces of this class. In each side wall of the generator is arranged a primary series of air-fines, D, into which the air is drawn by openings provided with regulatingslides, said openings being arranged near the lower part of the generator, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The air-fluesD are arranged parallel to each other, but in a vertical plane, at both sides of the generator, so that the air passing through the same is heated up by the heat radiated by the walls of the generator. The primary seriesofair-flues D is clearlyshown in section in Fig. 2 and in dotted lines in Fig.3. They are connected with a second system of horizontal air-conducting fines,D, which are arranged on or abonta level with the lower part of the combustion-chamber B, and interposed between tiers of top and bottom heating-fines, E and F, which serve to take up and conduct the gases of combustion after they have been utilized for heating up the retorts to the chimney. While the air drawn in at the lower part of the generator is heated up to a temperature of about 900 in the primary air-fines D, arranged at both sides of the generator, it is heated up during the passage through the second system of flues D to a temperature of about 2,000 Fahrenheit. The air is then drawn off into a third series of air-fines, D which are arranged in the side walls of the combustion-chamber B, the lower lines D being on a level with the series of horizontal air-fines D and connected thereto, while the upper airflnes D are vertically above the lower airflnes D As the greatest heat is generated in the combustion-chamber the last series of air-fines, D act in the nature of retorts upon the air passed through the same and raise its temperature to a still higher degree, so that it is delivered through the lateral channels of the upper flues D at a temperature of from 2,500 to 2,600

. Fahrenheit into the combustion-chamber.

It is preferable to arrange two rows of lateral discharge-channels for the hot air, whereby a more effective intermingling of the oxide of carbon with the hot air takes place, so that the combustion of the gases is confined to the combnstion-chamber, and consequently the highest temperature secured therein. The burniug gases are drawn in sheetsof flame around all the retorts in the retort-chamber, passing through between the saddle-tiles. The heated products of combustion are drawn from the retort-chamber G in downward direction to the upper tier of heating-fines E, which are arranged immediately below the lowermost retorts, 0. They pass in these fines first forward toward the front of the bench, and are then brought back to the rear of the bench, whereby the lowermost retorts, G, are exposed to the heat of the products of combustion from below. The fire-gases are then drawn down through vertical connectingfluesat the rear of the bench into the lower tier of heating-fines F, brought from the rear toward the front, then back again, and are then drawn into the ascending flues leading to the chimney.

The course of the heated air and of the firegases through the different tiers of flues is clearly indicated by arrows in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the drawings, the air-fines and heatingflues being so arranged throughout that the air and fire-gases move always in opposite directions to each other.

Owing to the arrangement of the air-fines in three difierent systems, which are arranged one above the other, the air ascends from the lower series of fines into the second series of air-fines arranged between the heating-fines that conduct off the products of combustion, and is then passed into the third series of fines, arranged in the side walls of the combustionchamber. The air ascends thus naturally from one system of air-fines to the next one above, and is finally thrown at about the same degree of heat as that of the gases of combustion into the combustion-chamber.

As the second series of air-fines and the fines for the gases of combustion are arranged sidewise of the combustion-chamber, the products ofcombustion are not required to be drawn to any great depth below the floor-line, so that consequently neither an artificial draft nor a very high chimney is necessary. The entire construction of the furnace becomes thereby compact and less expensive, while giving results which fully equal the more expensive structures of this kind heretofore in use.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination of a generator, a combustion-chamber vertically above the generator, a primary series of air-fines arranged in the side walls of the generator, a second series of air-fines arranged in theside walls of the combustion-chamber and connected with the first series of air-fines, a tier of heating-fines arranged in the walls of the combustion-chamber underneath the second series of air-fines,

and connected with the combustion-chamber and with the chimney, and a third series of air-fines in the side walls of the combustionchamber, adjacent to the inner face thereof,

IIO

bustion-chamber vertically. above the generator, a primary series of air-fines arranged in the side walls of the generator, a'sec'ond series of air-fines arranged in the side walls of the combustion-chamber and connected with the primary. series of air-fines, a tier of heatingflues for the escaping gaseous products of combustion, connected with the combustion-chamber and arranged in the walls thereof over the second series of air-fines, a second tier of heating-fines arranged in thewallsof the combustion-chamber, uuder neaththe second series of air-fines, and connected with the "said upper tier of heating-fines and with the chimney; and a third seriespf airflues arranged in the side walls of the combustion-chamber, said third series being connected with thesecoud series and provided with lateral channels for d ischarging the heated air into the combustionchamber, substantially as described.

3. The combination oi a gas-generator, a combustion-chambenabove ,thegenerator, a retort-chamberabove the combustion-chamber, a primary series ofair-flues in the side walls of the generator; a second series of air-flues in" the side walls of thccombustion-chamber', con: nected with theprimary' series,,a third series of air-flues in the side walls of the combustionchamber, adjacent to the inner facethereof, and connected with said chamber by lateral exit-channels, a tier of heating-flues for. the escaping products of combustion over the second series of air-dues, a second tier of heatingflues under the second series of air-flues and connected with the first tier diheating-flues,

and fluerconnectin'g said heating-flues' vith V the retort ch'amber and chimney,'substantially as described.

4. The combination of bastion-chamber vertically above the generator, a primary series of horizontal air-flues arranged vertically in the side walls of the generator, a second series of horizontal air-fines connected with the first series and arranged horizontally in the side walls of the combustion-chamber, heating-fines for the escaping gaseous products of combustion, adjacent to the second series of air-fines, a thirdseries'of horizontalair-flues arranged/vertically in the side walls of'the combustion-chamber adjacent to the inner face thereof, the lower flue of said third series being connected with the second series of air-fines and the upper flue thereof having lateral exit-channels for discharging the heated air into the combustion-chamber, and flues connecting the heati-ng-flues with the combustion-chamber and chimney, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as {my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL GOEPEL, SIDNEY MANN.

a generator, a com- 

